Files
oxidos/asm/boot.asm
mtgmonkey 147702a8fa init
2025-07-29 09:46:44 -04:00

144 lines
3.0 KiB
NASM

global start
extern long_mode_start
section .text
bits 32
start:
mov esp, stack_top ; stack
mov edi, ebx ; move multiboot pointer to edi
; error suite
call check_multiboot
call check_cpuid
call check_long_mode
; paging
call set_up_page_tables
call enable_paging
; 64-bit gdt
lgdt [gdt64.pointer]
jmp gdt64.code:long_mode_start ; change cs to gdt64 and long jump
set_up_page_tables:
mov eax, p3_table ; map p3_table's address to the first entry in p4_table
or eax, 0b11 ; present, writable
mov [p4_table], eax ; p4_table's first entry points to p3_table
mov eax, p2_table ; sim.
or eax, 0b11
mov [p3_table], eax
mov ecx, 0 ; counter
.map_p2_table:
mov eax, 0x200000 ; 2MiB for a huge page
mul ecx ; destination is ax register
or eax, 0b10000011 ; huge ..... present, writable
mov [p2_table + ecx * 8], eax ; map entry
inc ecx ; scuffed for-loop section
cmp ecx, 512
jne .map_p2_table
ret
enable_paging:
mov eax, p4_table
mov cr3, eax ; load p4_table to cr3, where it lives
mov eax, cr4
or eax, 1 << 5
mov cr4, eax ; set PAE flag in cr4
mov ecx, 0xC0000080
rdmsr
or eax, 1 << 8
wrmsr ; set long bit in MSR
mov eax, cr0
or eax, 1 << 31
mov cr0, eax ; set paging bit in cr0
ret
; # | error
; 0 | .no_multiboot
; 1 | .no_cpuid
; 2 | .no_long_mode
error: ; prints RE:R <al>. <al> is used to store error codes
mov dword [0xb8000], 0x4f524f45
mov dword [0xb8004], 0x4f3a4f52
mov dword [0xb8008], 0x4f204f20
mov byte [0xb800a], al
hlt
check_multiboot:
cmp eax, 0x36d76289 ; eax magic value
jne .no_multiboot
ret
.no_multiboot:
mov al, "0"
jmp error
check_cpuid: ; check if cpuid flag is supported
pushfd
pop eax ; put flags into eax
mov ecx, eax ; copy to ecx
xor eax, 1 << 21 ; flip the ID bit
push eax
popfd ; return eax to flags
pushfd
pop eax ; put flags to eax again
push ecx
popfd ; restore flags to old version
cmp eax, ecx
je .no_cpuid
ret
.no_cpuid:
mov al, "1"
jmp error
check_long_mode: ; checks ensure cpu is new enough to be 64 bit
mov eax, 0x80000000
cpuid
cmp eax, 0x80000001
jb .no_long_mode
mov eax, 0x80000001
cpuid
test edx, 1 << 29
jz .no_long_mode
ret
.no_long_mode:
mov al, "2"
jmp error
section .bss ; GRUB initialises this to 0
align 4096 ; tables must be aligned
p4_table:
resb 4096
p3_table:
resb 4096
p2_table:
resb 4096
stack_bottom:
resb 4096 * 4 ; 16kB
stack_top:
section .rodata
gdt64:
dq 0 ; null
.code: equ $ - gdt64 ; code offset
dq (1 << 43) | (1 << 44) | (1 << 47) | (1 << 53) ; code
.pointer:
dw $ - gdt64 - 1 ; $ is .pointer here; length of gdt
dq gdt64 ; pointer to gdt table